The Fraying Web: Older Adults and Social Isolation

Making new connections is hard, and it can be even more difficult later in life. As their friends and family move away or pass on, an older person's social network can start to decay.  A University of Michigan study found that loneliness and social isolation affect more than one-third of people aged 50 to 80.  So what can we do as individuals and as a society to protect our elderly population from chronic loneliness?

Social isolation can have profound effects on the physical health of older adults. Persistent loneliness among elderly individuals is associated with higher risk levels for heart disease, weakened immune function, and dementia. But this situation is not inevitable. Certain known factors increase the risk of social isolation, including impaired mobility, hearing loss, or living in an isolated area. Major life changes such as a retirement or divorce can also have a sudden negative impact. Being aware of these signs and risk factors can be a lifesaver for yourself or for your loved ones.

What can we do to combat loneliness later in life? Although there is no one-size-fits-all approach, older individuals have many options. Prosocial behavior like volunteering or helping your neighbors, can bring both physical and mental health benefits while fighting social isolation. One longitudinal study of community-dwelling older people found that those who volunteered frequently had significantly reduced mortality compared to non-volunteers. It may be outside your comfort zone, but doing your best to help others might also have a positive impact on your life.

Although it can feel intimidating for some older people, embracing technology can be a game-changer. Learning to video call with family and friends or joining online communities based around shared interests can open new avenues for connection. Using unfamiliar technology can also promote cognitive health through the process of learning new skills and seeking new information online.

For families, being proactive is key. Regularly checking in with elderly relatives, helping them navigate new technologies, and encouraging participation in social activities can have a huge impact. You may be able to assist older family members by finding group activities nearby and helping them enroll. Even small gestures, like sharing a meal or taking a walk together, can go a long way in reinforcing critical emotional bonds.

Loneliness and social disconnection can be a serious issue for elderly individuals. Addressing this problem requires different approaches, combining personal effort and family support. It's important that we build a culture where everyone feels seen, heard, and valued, regardless of their age. Together we can make sure that getting older does not make people feel they are becoming invisible.